Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a spectrum of both benign and malignant gestational tumors

including hydatidiform mole (complete and partial)

invasive mole

choriocarcinoma

placental site trophoblastic tumor

and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. The latter four entities with characteristics of malignant tumors that may result in significant morbidity and mortality if left untreated are referred to as gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). Early diagnosis of GTD is important for prompt management and preserving fertility. Although the diagnosis of GTD is based on clinical features and serial quantitative -human chorionic gonadotropin (-HCG) level

the ultrasonography remains the first choice of initial diagnosis. Ultrasound is essential for differential diagnosis of GTD. It also plays an important role in evaluation of effectiveness of treatment and follow-up. Familiarity with the pathogenesis

classification

imaging features

and treatment of GTD can aid in the accurate diagnosis and guide appropriate management.