甲状腺癌是常见的内分泌系统肿瘤之一,甲状腺髓样癌(medullary carcinoma of the thyroid,MTC)占所有甲状腺癌的1%~5%,是一种来源于滤泡旁细胞(C细胞)的肿瘤,属弥散的神经内分泌细胞类肿瘤。MTC在生物学行为及预后方面存在显著差异,临床相对少见,但具有恶性程度高、对放化疗不敏感的特点,因此早期确诊MTC具有重要的临床意义。超声仍是术前诊断MTC的主要影像学方法,但MTC的超声特征不同于一般甲状腺恶性结节,缺乏典型的声像图特征,本文就超声对MTC的诊断及其研究进展进行综述。
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine tumors. Medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MTC)
which accounts for 1%~5% of the total thyroid cancers
is a diffuse neuroendocrine cell-like tumor
originating from the parafollicular cells (C cells). MTCs have significant difference in biological behavior and prognosis. Despite of its low incidence rate
it has a high degree of malignancy and is not sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Hence
Early diagnosis of MTC is of great clinical significance. Ultrasound is the main imaging method for preoperative diagnosis of MTC
but the ultrasonic features of MTC are different from those of usual malignant thyroid nodules and lack of typical sonographic features. Herein
this article reviewed the progress of ultrasound in the diagnosis of MTC.